Ascending aortic arch12/6/2023 8.2 Axial contrast-enhanced images of the chest showing the aorta and its major branches. The upper limit of normal diameter of the ascending aorta is about 41 mm. The ascending aorta is about 33 mm in diameter and 5 cm in length in adult human. 2Aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva can be congenital or acquired, more common in men, and rarely can rupture. Sinuses of Valsalva are equal in size but rarely one or all can become aneurysmal. The transverse diameter of the aorta at the level of the sinus is usually less than 3.5 cm. 1The left aortic sinus and right aortic sinus, give rise to the left and right coronary arteries (RCAs), respectively ( Fig. These three aortic sinuses include the left coronary, the right coronary, and the noncoronary (nonadjacent) sinuses. The origin of the ascending aorta (the aortic root) shows anatomical dilation just above each of the aortic valve leaflets known as the sinuses of Valsalva. AA, ascending aorta Arch, aortic arch BA, bronchial artery CA, celiac artery CHA, common hepatic artery DA, descending aorta Abd A, abdominal aorta BCA, brachiocephalic artery CCA, common carotid artery CIA, common iliac artery DCA, deep cervical artery DSA, dorsal scapular artery EIA, external iliac artery GDA, gastroduodenal artery ITA, internal thoracic artery ICA, intercostal artery IMA, inferior mesenteric artery IIA, internal iliac artery LV, left ventricle R(L)CCA, right (left) common carotid artery R(L)SCA, right (left) subclavian artery R(L)VA, right (left) vertebral artery RRA, right renal artery RHA, right hepatic artery SMA, superior mesenteric artery SPA, splenic artery SSA, suprascapular artery TCA, transverse cervical artery TCT, thyrocervical trunk VA, vertebral artery. (a) Anterior view and (b) left anterior oblique view of the 3D CT angiography of the aorta and its branches with volume-rendering reconstruction. It descends within the thorax on the left side of the vertebral column (descending aorta) into the abdomen through the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm (abdominal aorta). At T3 to T4 level, it turns backward to form the aortic arch. The aorta ascends obliquely to the right within the pericardium, between the superior vena cava and main pulmonary artery, and anterior to the right pulmonary artery and trachea (ascending aorta). It can be divided into four sections: the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, the thoracic (descending) aorta, and the abdominal aorta ( Fig. The aorta is the largest artery originating at the upper part of the left ventricle.
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